Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina revassocierade; djupintervall 18 - 100 m (Ref. 11441). Tropical; 40°N - 40°S, 16°E - 124°W
Indo-West Pacific (Ref. 4919). Lessepsian migrant to the Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 55043).
Length at first maturity / Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm 43.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 125962); common length : 40.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 5450); publicerad maxvikt: 9.0 kg (Ref. 125962)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 10 - 13; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8 - 12. Greenish with brown or black spots above; silver band from mouth to caudal fin; belly white; silver blotch in front of eye; pectoral base black (Ref. 4919).
Inhabits offshore reefs (Ref. 9563). Sandy bottom (Ref. 95646). Caught by trammel net (Ref. 96695). This species contains tetrodotoxin which may be a source for food poisoning and the Israel Poison Information center registered 13 cases in December 2008 where all were related to the consumption of this fish (Ref. 118670).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Poisonous to eat (Ref. 559)
Human uses
Fiskeri: saknar intresse; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.6 - 28.6, mean 27.3 °C (based on 762 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.01094 - 0.01589), b=2.87 (2.82 - 2.92), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (tmax=7; tm=3; K=0.099-0.3;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.1 [7.7, 40.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.452 [0.237, 0.911] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [16.7, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.128 [0.060, 0.249] g/100g; Selenium = 50.1 [26.9, 98.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.4 [20.0, 144.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.9 [0.6, 1.3] mg/100g (wet weight);
