分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 ? - 650 m (Ref. 3686), usually 50 - 300 m (Ref. 26999). ; 30°N - 14°S, 98°W - 15°E (Ref. 34024)
Western Atlantic: off the continental coast from Florida, USA and the Gulf of Mexico to northern South America, including islands in the Caribbean. Eastern Atlantic: off Senegal to Angola.
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 94.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 8.5 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数): 0; 背的软条 (总数): 109-117; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 86 - 90. Body completely covered with small, imbricate, cycloid scales; barbels present on snout (6) and chin (6); branchiostegal rays 8; median basibranchial tooth patch absent; developed gill rakers on first arch 4 or fewer; pelvic fin rays inserted at about level of preopercle, well behind eye (Ref. 34024). Ventral fins dark, gradually becoming darker at the extreme blackish edge (Ref. 13608).
Common species (Ref. 34024). Adults benthopelagic (Ref. 34024) down to 650 m, but most often on the continental shelf (Ref. 3686), on sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 2683). Juveniles common in reefs (Ref. 34024). Smaller silvery specimens taken far out at sea in the epipelagic (Ref. 34024). Oviparous, with oval pelagic eggs floating in a gelatinous mass (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Nielsen, J.G., D.M. Cohen, D.F. Markle and C.R. Robins, 1999. Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(18):178p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 34024)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
更多信息
俗名同种异名新陈代谢捕食者生态毒物学繁殖成熟度产卵场产卵群集孕卵数卵卵的发育
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 12.5 - 26.5, mean 19.7 °C (based on 331 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00372 (0.00180 - 0.00768), b=3.15 (2.96 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 5.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.19).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (65 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 16.9 [8.3, 42.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.451 [0.245, 0.908] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.3, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.183 [0.095, 0.343] g/100g; Selenium = 36.5 [17.0, 76.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.2 [8.7, 94.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.568 [0.373, 0.874] mg/100g (wet weight);