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Kurtiformes (Nurseryfishes, cardinalfishes.) >
Apogonidae (Cardinalfishes) > Apogoninae
Etymology: Sphaeramia: Greek, sphaira = ball + Greek, amia = a kind of shark (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক রীফ সংশ্লিষ্ট; গভীরতার পরিসীমা 0 - 5 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 31°N - 27°S, 32°E - 173°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Kiribati, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to New Caledonia; Belau to eastern Caroline and Mariana Islands in Micronesia.
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 6 - ? cm
Max length : 10.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 4329); common length : 8.9 cm SL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 37816)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 8; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 9; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 2; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 9. Greenish grey, with dark vertical bar from origin of spiny dorsal to just in front of anus; scattered spots on body, head and 1st dorsal membrane; pelvic fins dark (Ref. 4329, 48635).
Restricted to coastal waters, forming small aggregations among mangroves, rocks, debris, or piers of shallow sheltered shorelines. Feeds at night (early evening and just before day break), primarily on planktonic crustaceans. Courtship and spawning occur fortnightly (shortly before new moons and full moons). Eggs are incubated by the male for about 8 days. Larval phase pelagic. Sexual maturity is attained at 7 cm by males and at 6 cm by females (Ref. 1602).
Courtship and spawning occur on a semi-lunar cycle, shortly before full and new moons (Ref. 37816). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205). Are mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Males incubate up to 12,000 eggs for a period of about 8 days (Ref. 37816). After the pelagic larval phase, juveniles settle and grow at a rate of 3 to 6 mm per month (Ref. 37816).
Gon, O., 1986. Apogonidae. p. 546-561. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4329)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.3 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2452 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02138 (0.01194 - 0.03827), b=3.07 (2.91 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.51 se; based on food items.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): উচ্চ, সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১৫ মাস (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 159 [79, 274] mg/100g; Iron = 1.01 [0.55, 1.79] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.5, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.109 [0.059, 0.200] g/100g; Selenium = 21.7 [10.4, 46.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 60.9 [17.3, 211.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.13, 2.78] mg/100g (wet weight);
