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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Orthopristis: Greek, ortho = straight + Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री; खारा ड़िमरसल; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 10 - ? m (Ref. 25). Temperate; 41°N - 10°N, 99°W - 60°W
Western Atlantic: New York, USA and Bermuda to Mexico.
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 20.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 25); common length : 30.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 3798); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 900.00 g (Ref. 25); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 4 वर्षो (Ref. 25)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 12 - 13; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 15 - 16; गुदा कांटा: 3; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 12 - 13. Back elevated; snout long and tapering. Mouth a little oblique; maxillary reaching vertical from first nostril. Scales in oblique rows above lateral line and horizontal rows below lateral line, extending on base of caudal, pelvic and pectoral fins; also forming a low sheath on base of anal and dorsal fins.
Inhabits coastal waters, over sand and mud bottoms. Forms schools. Mainly nocturnal and non-burrowing. Feeds on crustaceans and smaller fishes. Undergoes seasonal migration as well as local nocturnal-diurnal foraging migrations (Ref. 25).
Spawning may occur in open water just prior to inshore migration or in quiet inshore waters, such as harbors, estuaries, and inshore banks, but may begin on outer shores first. Pigfish spawn at dusk exclusively. In general, larger fish spawn first, with smaller ones spawning latest in the season.
Darcy, G.H., 1983. Synopsis of biological data on the pigfish, Orthopristis chrysoptera (Pisces: Haemulidae). FAO Fish. Synop. (134); NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. (449). (Ref. 25)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य; जलजीवालय: सार्वजनिक लजीवालय; ठहराव / प्रलोभन: usually
साधन
Special reports
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.5 - 27.8, mean 24.4 °C (based on 232 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.01248 - 0.01922), b=3.02 (2.96 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (tmax=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 32.1 [10.0, 72.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.332 [0.169, 0.681] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.6, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.446 [0.203, 0.892] g/100g; Selenium = 11.1 [5.4, 23.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.22 [2.89, 28.64] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.579 [0.380, 0.871] mg/100g (wet weight);
