Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina; intervalo de profundidade 0 - 75 m (Ref. 6949). Tropical; 21°N - 23°S, 19°W - 15°E
Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Namibia (Ref. 57401). Also reported from Mauritania (Ref. 5377).
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 87.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 205 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 57401); common length : 100.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 26999); peso máx. publicado: 50.0 kg (Ref. 57401)
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 6; Raios dorsais (total) : 9; Espinhos anais: 2; Raios anais : 9. Diagnosis: 122-140 (generally 125-132) scales in lateral line (Ref. 57401). Sides marked with about 20 dark, largely backwards open chevrons (Ref. 57401), which become less distinct in large specimens (Ref. 5491).
Commonly enters lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 4339, 57401). Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 36731). Feeds on fish and shrimps (Ref. 28587). Never reported to be ciguatoxic. Good food and recreational value.
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Daget, J., 2003. Sphyraenidae. p. 612-615 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57401)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Ameaça para os humanos
Traumatogenic (Ref. 4537)
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
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Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.6 - 28, mean 26.3 °C (based on 84 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00439 - 0.01091), b=2.90 (2.77 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Muito baixo(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população maior que 14 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.1 [11.3, 65.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.451 [0.213, 0.973] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.1, 21.8] %; Omega3 = 0.134 [0.058, 0.318] g/100g; Selenium = 55.4 [22.0, 149.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.33 [1.07, 29.15] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.567 [0.349, 0.982] mg/100g (wet weight);
