Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis. Subtropical; 24°S - 30°S
Africa: within the drainage basin of the Orange-Vaal River system to which it is possibly restricted. Hitherto thought to occur in the Limpopo system and in southern Cape watersheds which records may be erroneous.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm FL jantan/; (Ref. 6465); common length : 45.0 cm FL jantan/; (Ref. 2801); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 3.8 kg (Ref. 7248)
Occurs in a variety of habitats: quiet well vegetated backwaters, standing open waters, flowing open waters, sandy-rocky stretches and rocky rapids. Their preferred habitat is flowing rocky channels. Bottom feeder which grazes algae and organic detritus (Ref. 6465). Breeds in summer, gathering in large numbers in shallow rocky rapids where eggs are laid. Larvae hatch after 3 or 4 days. May live up to 8 or 9 years (Ref. 7248).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Reid, G.M., 1985. A revision of African species of Labeo (Pisces: Cyprinidae) and a re-definition of the genus. Verlag von J. Cramer, Braunschweig. 322 p. (Ref. 1440)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: memiliki potensi kepentingan; Budidaya air: percobaan; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 97.4 [22.9, 197.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.813 [0.418, 1.717] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [15.3, 17.8] %; Omega3 = 0.467 [0.172, 1.301] g/100g; Selenium = 158 [52, 532] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.9 [2.0, 30.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.914 [0.441, 1.850] mg/100g (wet weight);
