Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; sötvatten; brackvatten bentopelagisk; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19; flodvandrande (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 23°C - 26°C (Ref. 1672)
Asia: Afghanistan and Baluchistan southward to Sri Lanka and eastward to Indonesia.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 41236); common length : 16.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 41236)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 33 - 36; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 21 - 23. Caudal fin roundly pointed.
Obligate air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Are broadly adapted species occurring in rivers, lakes, ponds, mountain streams and even brackish water (Ref. 12693). Usually hide under the cover of marginal roots and bogwood. Found in quiet, shaded, clear, flowing water with a silt or gravel substrate (Ref. 6028). Can tolerate very stagnant, poorly oxygenated and turbid water. They also tolerate very foul water (Ref. 1479). Feed largely on insects and crustaceans. A small percentage of fish is also included in the diet. Spawn in shallow water with a silt or gravel substrate. Can tolerate a temperature of 36.5°C.
Exhibits mouthbrooding. Eggs hatch in the mouth of the male and either parent may keep the brood in its mouth for protection after hatching. Fry have been found to feed on successive batches of eggs laid by the female.
Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran, 1991. Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: mindre kommeriell; Akvarium: Kommersiell
Verktyg
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00568 - 0.01533), b=3.03 (2.89 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Fec = 933).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 112 [59, 246] mg/100g; Iron = 0.785 [0.520, 1.153] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [16.7, 18.6] %; Omega3 = 0.139 [0.071, 0.272] g/100g; Selenium = 25.7 [11.0, 60.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 49.8 [21.1, 112.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.23 [0.86, 1.86] mg/100g (wet weight);
