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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Hippoglossinae
Etymology: Reinhardtius: Because of Johannes Christopher H. Reinhardt, Danish zoologist, studied under Vahl and Cuvier, professor in Kobanhavn in 1813 (1776-1845) (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Johannes Christopher Hagemann Reinhardt (1778–1845) was a Norwegian zoologist who became Professor of Zoology (1814) at the University of Copenhagen. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 1 - 2200 m (Ref. 108960), usually 500 - 1000 m (Ref. 6263). Boreal; -1°C - 4°C (Ref. 43586); 79°N - 33°N, 180°W - 180°E (Ref. 54862)
Circumglobal: In arctic and temperate waters; northern hemisphere. Sea of Japan off Honshu north to Shishmaref, Alaska in the Chukchi Sea, throughout the Aleutian Islands, and southeast to northern Baja California, Mexico. North Atlantic: New Jersey, USA to Spitsbergen (Svalbard Islands) and the Barents Sea south to Ireland. Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 63.5, range 65 - 80 cm
Max length : 110 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 80637); 130.0 cm TL (female); common length : 56.0 cm FL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 55110); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 7.0 kg (Ref. 173); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 7.0 kg; العمر: 36 سنين (Ref. 117245)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 83 - 108; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 62 - 79; فقرات: 60 - 64. Dorsal origin behind posterior edge of upper eye. Caudal slightly forked to truncate. Pectorals small.
Often caught pelagically (Ref. 4705). Adults prefer bottom temperatures of -0.5°C to 6.0°C (Ref. 5951). Epibenthic (Ref. 58426). Feed on crustaceans, fishes (Ref. 4705, 6885), eelpouts, capelin, redfishes, deep sea prawns and other bottom invertebrates (Ref. 35388). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Utilized dried or salted and frozen; can be steamed and fried (Ref. 9988). Size of the Greenland halibut collected from 400-599 m deep in eastern Bering Sea, ranged from 9 to 99 cm FL with a mean of 56 cm (Ref. 55110).
Fertilized eggs develop in approximately 50 days. Larvae are pelagic with a maximum size of 8 cm and will drift for about 4 months before settling at about 7 cm on clay-silt subtrates at depths of 300-450 m, after which they metamorphose (Ref. 117245).
Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
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