分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues)
骨舌魚目 (Bony tongues) >
Mormyridae (Elephantfishes)
象鼻魚科 (Elephantfishes)
Etymology: Pollimyrus: Because of Dr. Max Poll, ichthyologist + Greek, myros, -ou = the male of the morey eel.
Eponymy: Dr Max Fernand Leon Poll (1908–1991) was a Belgian ichthyologist, and ‘connoisseur of the fish fauna’. [...] Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1805–1861) was a French zoologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: 5 - 19; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 22°C - 24°C (Ref. 12468)
Africa: Senegal (Ref. 2915), Gambia, middle Niger (Ref. 3203) including the Benue (Ref. 2915), Volta and Chad basins, coastal rivers of Côte d'Ivoire (Sassandra, Bandama, Mé) and the Nile (Ref. 3203). Subspecies Pollimyrus isidori fasciaticeps and Pollimyrus isidori osborni are restricted to the Congo river basin (Ref. 3203).
非洲: 甘比亞，中央尼日，佛塔河與查德流域, 象牙海岸的沿海河川;(薩桑德拉河， Bandama, 我) 也包括尼羅河。 也已知來自 Benoue 與塞內加爾河。 (參考文獻 2915)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 6.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 10.3 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 57961); 最大體重: 7.00 g (Ref. 3799)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 17 - 22; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 21 - 27. Body depth 2.8-4.2 x SL. Sokomo and Comoe forms longer with SL/Depth ratio 3-4. Head 3.8-5.0 x SL. Eye diameter 3.3-6.4 x head length. Dorsal origin slightly behind anal fin origin. Pectorals slightly shorter or equal to head length, 2-3 x longer than pelvic fins, its posterior end reaching past origin of pelvic fins. Caudal peduncle height 2.3-3.9 x of its length, 12.3-20.6 x SL. Middle reaches fish silvery in color with lots of small spots on sides and head, higher reaches fish darker with darker and fewer spots.
體高 2.8-4.2 x SL。 Sokomo 與 Comoe 型較長的， SL/深度比 3-4 。 頭部 3.8-5.0 x SL。 眼直徑 3.3-6.4個 x 頭長。 背鰭起點些微地在臀鰭起源後面。 胸鰭略短的或等於頭長 , 2-3個倍於腹鰭, 後端延伸到腹鰭起點。 尾柄高度 2.3-3.9 倍於它的長度， 12.3-20.6 x SL 。 中游的魚銀色的顏色有許多在體側與頭部上的小斑點, 上游的魚深色且有顏色較深且較少的斑點。
Occupies floodplain pools in Sudd. Feeds on mud, vegetable debris and small invertebrates (Ref. 28714). Affinities: only to P. adspersus, morphologically similar; distinguished through scales on caudal peduncle, dorsal and anal fin rays and body coloration. Generates electric organ discharge (EOD) of short duration (0.08 ms) that seems to correlate with aggregative behavior of the species (Ref. 10460; 10601). During the breeding season, males build nests and while patrolling their territory sporadically emit EODs at a mean rate of 18 Hz. Participating females, on the other hand, discharge at a fairly regular rate (8-11 Hz) and this has been shown to play a role in sex recognition during courtship and spawning. Male and female EOD waveforms also differ in the amplitude ratio of the first and third phase (Ref. 10764). Also produce natural sounds ('grunts', 'moans', 'growl', etc.) at different phases of courtship, nesting and territorial defense (Ref. 10832). A fractional spawner; females able to spawn up to 26 times in the course of one reproductive cycle, laying about 125 eggs per spawning episode. Larval electric organ situated in the deep lateral musculature; that of adults in the caudal peduncle (Ref. 10605).
佔領浮游植物堆的洪泛區水池。 吃泥，植物殘枝與小型無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 28714) 分類相關: 只有到 P. adspersus, 形態學相似; 藉由尾梗上的鱗片，背鰭棘條與臀鰭棘條與身體顏色區別了。 產生發電器放電 (EOD) 持續很短的時間 (0.08 ms) 那似乎與此魚種的集體行為互有關連 (參考文獻 10460; 10601)。 在繁殖季節的時候，雄性建立巢而且然而巡邏他們的領土偶而以低頻的 18個赫茲發出 EODs 。 參與的母魚，另一方面，以一個相當規則的頻率 (8-11個赫茲) 放電，而且這已經被顯示在求偶期期間在性別辨認中扮演一個角色而且產卵。 雄魚與雌魚 EOD 波形也在第一個的振幅頻率中與第三階段不同。 (參考文獻 10764) 也生產自然聲音 ('咕嚕咕嚕聲 ',' 呻吟,'吠聲', 等等) 在求偶期的不同時期，築巢與具有領域性防衛.(參考文獻 10832) 一個少產的魚種; 母魚能夠產卵向上到 26個倍一個生殖的周期流, 生產大約 125個卵每一次產卵。 被位於深的側面肌肉組織之中的幼蟲的發電器; 那成魚在尾梗.(參考文獻 10605)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
30-200 eggs are spawned evey 5-8 days. Male builds nest and tends eggs and larvae. Eggs hatch after 4 days and feed after 12 days.非洲: 甘比亞，中央尼日，佛塔河與查德流域, 象牙海岸的沿海河川;(薩桑德拉河， Bandama, 我) 也包括尼羅河。 也已知來自 Benoue 與塞內加爾河。 (參考文獻 2915)
Bigorne, R., 1990. Mormyridae. p. 122-184. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. tome 1. Faune Trop. 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, and ORSTOM, Paris. (Ref. 2915)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 November 2019
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00663 - 0.02181), b=2.81 (2.65 - 2.97), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.6 ±0.22 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (tm=0.5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 492 [244, 1,584] mg/100g; Iron = 3.22 [1.38, 7.00] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [14.8, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.606 [0.206, 1.757] g/100g; Selenium = 91.2 [29.7, 293.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.9 [8.8, 87.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 3.37 [1.98, 7.02] mg/100g (wet weight);
