Ikan bertulang rawan (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Arhynchobatidae (Softnose skates)
Etymology: Sympterygia: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, pteryx = fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cope.
Issue
Four nominal species of Psammobatis (asper, caudispina, chilcae, maculatus), all from Hildebrand, 1946, are considered valid in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. May 2011: Ref. 86870) following Chirichigno & Vélez (1998), but J. McEachran confirmed their synonym status of Sympterygia brevicaudata (Cope, 1877) (pers. comm., 11/2003).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman ? - 18 m (Ref. 58018). Subtropical; 3°S - 37°S
Southeast Pacific: Ecuador to central Chile. Two specimens have been recorded from Uruguay but these may be in error.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. )
Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205). Max. length (Johnny Labbe, pers. comm., 2000).
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.3 - 21, mean 19.5 °C (based on 100 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00562 (0.00288 - 0.01097), b=3.11 (2.94 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42.7 [6.6, 208.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.876 [0.232, 2.569] mg/100g; Protein = 17.6 [14.9, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.444 [0.145, 1.605] g/100g; Selenium = 11 [3, 37] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.9 [5.8, 55.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.73 [0.34, 1.35] mg/100g (wet weight);
