ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກອ່ອນ (ເຊັ່ນ: ປາສະຫລາມ, ປາຜາໄລ) (sharks and rays) >
Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) >
Hemigaleidae (Weasel sharks)
Etymology: Hemigaleus: hemi-, from hemisys (Gr.), half, referring to similarity to and/or close affinity with Galeus (now in Pentanchidae) (See ETYFish); microstoma: micro-, from mikros (Gr.), small; stoma (Gr.), mouth, referring to very short arched mouth compared with Chaenogaleus macrostoma, its presumed congener at the time (See ETYFish).
More on author: Bleeker.
Issue
Specimens from Australia (and probably Papua New Guinea) are placed in Hemigaleus australiensis White, Last & Compagno, 2005 (Ref. 56150).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ. Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 244); 28°N - 30°S
Indo-West Pacific: southern India and Sri Lanka; China to Indonesia (Ref. 56150). Also from Red Sea (Ref. 93009).
Specimens found in Australia (and probably Papua New Guinea) belong to a separate species, Hemigaleus australiensis (Ref. 56150).
Length at first maturity / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 78 - ? cm
Max length : 135 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 130455); ນ້ຳໜັກສູງສຸດທີ່ເຄຍຈັດພີມມາ: 14.0 kg (Ref. 130455)
ຄີ (ໜາມ)ແຂງຢູ່ຫຼັງປາ (ທັງໝົດ) : 0; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ: 0. Australian specimens with dark-tipped fins; tooth counts 28-34/43-54; total vertebral counts 111 to 118 (Ref. 13567). Indonesian, Singapore and Thailand specimens with light-tipped fins; tooth counts 25-32/37-43; total vertebral counts 137 to 150 (Ref. 13567). Grey-brown above, lighter below, dorsal fins with white tips and posterior margins, sometimes with spots on sides of body (Ref. 13567).
A small, relatively common inshore and offshore shark of tropical continental seas (Ref. 13567). Feeds mainly on cephalopods, particularly octopi (Ref. 13567) but also takes crustaceans and cephalopods (Ref. 244). Viviparous (Ref. 50449). Taken regularly in inshore artisanal fisheries (Ref.244), commonly caught by inshore gillnet, bottom trawl and, to a lesser extent, longline fisheries. Utilized for human consumption (Ref. 244). Offal used for fishmeal (Ref. 244).
Viviparous, with a yolk-sac placenta; 4 to 14 fetuses in a litter (Ref. 13567); 2-4 pups after a gestation period of about 6 months; born at about 45-47 cm TL (Ref. 58048). Size of full-term fetuses (detached umbilical cords and placentae) ranges from 23.7 to 25.6 cm (Ref. 244). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ເປັນການຄ້າໜ້ອຍ
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.2 - 28.3, mean 27 °C (based on 816 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7539 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00331 (0.00143 - 0.00767), b=3.05 (2.84 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຕຳ່ຫຼາຍ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າຫຼາຍກວ່າ 14 ປີ (Fec=4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (81 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.9 [4.5, 154.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.693 [0.182, 2.119] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.114 [0.048, 0.271] g/100g; Selenium = 54.1 [16.0, 167.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.3 [7.2, 70.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.769 [0.374, 1.395] mg/100g (wet weight);
