分類 / Names
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Mulliformes (Goatfishes) >
Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Parupeneus: Latin, parum, parvum = small + Peneus, the name of a river.
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
海; 汽水性の 関連する礁; 深さの範囲 12 - 350 m (Ref. 37816), usually ? - 60 m (Ref. 1602). Tropical; 35°N - 33°S
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Caroline Islands and Fiji.
サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 36.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 11441); common length : 25.0 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 9947); 最大公表体重: 877.00 g (Ref. 125599); 最大記録サイズ: 6 年 (Ref. 86367)
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 8; 背鰭 (合計) : 9; 肛門の骨: 1; 臀鰭: 7. Diagnosis: Pectoral rays 16 (rarely 15 or 17). Gill rakers 6-7 + 29-23 (total 26-30). Body depth 2.95-3.55 in SL; head length (HL) 2.9-3.25 in SL; snout length 1.75-2.1 in HL; barbel length 1.15-1.35 in HL; posterior end of maxilla evenly convex; longest dorsal spine 1.45-1.75 in HL; penultimate dorsal ray 1.05-1.25 in length of last dorsal ray; pectoral-fin length 1.25-1.4 in HL; pelvic-fin length 1.4-1.6 in HL. Body brownish yellow to light red (deeper-dwelling fish more red), the edges of the scales darker, shading to silvery white ventrally; adults with a small reddish brown spot on upper side of body just below seventh and eighth lateral-line scales; an indistinct narrow yellow stripe often visible above the lateral line (more evident in juveniles and subadults); dorsal body scales often with a pale blue or pearly spot; faint iridescent blue lines extending dorsoposteriorly and ventroanteriorly from eye, and often a parallel one on the cheek below eye; second dorsal and anal fins with faint pale blue or pink narrow bands alternating with pale yellow. Although Gloerfelt-Tarp and Kailola (1984: 213) reported that this species (as Parupeneus pleurospilus) has a dark brown peritoneum, the Bishop Museum specimens have a pale peritoneum (Ref. 54393).
Occurs singly or in small groups, over muddy, sandy, rubble, or seagrass bottoms of lagoon and seaward reefs, usually below 20 m. Flesh is fairly good for human consumption (Ref. 6023, 41878).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生
Randall, J.E., 2004. Revision of the goatfish genus Parupeneus (Perciformes: Mullidae), with descriptions of two new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (36):64 p. (Ref. 54393)
Human uses
水産業: 商業
用具
特記事項
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インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 28.1, mean 27.2 °C (based on 183 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00969 - 0.01425), b=3.10 (3.07 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高い, １５か月以下の倍増期間の最小個体群 (K=0.21-0.4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.4 [12.8, 61.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.267 [0.130, 0.615] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [14.5, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.152 [0.081, 0.300] g/100g; Selenium = 68.3 [29.2, 207.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 216 [38, 1,010] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.631 [0.361, 1.196] mg/100g (wet weight);
