分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡形目 (Herrings) >
Chirocentridae (Wolf herring)
寶刀魚科 (Wolf herring)
Etymology: Chirocentrus: Greek, cheir = hand + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 120 m (Ref. 30573). 熱帶; 35°N - 20°S, 40°E - 156°E (Ref. 55462)
Indo-Pacific: probably throughout the warmer coastal waters, from the Red Sea and East Africa to the Solomon Islands, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Recently reported from Tonga (Ref. 53797).
印度-太平洋: 可能遍及較熱的沿岸水域, 從紅海而且東非到索羅門群島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188); 36.6 cm SL (female); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 16 - 19; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 29 - 36. Diagnosis: The slightly shorter pectoral fin, 11-13% of standard length, and the black marking of the upper part of the dorsal fin are the only satisfactory characters separating this species from Chirocentrus nudus; there is also some black on the anterior part of the anal fin (Ref. 188).
鱗片很多的﹐小的, 通常失去了。 銀色的; 背面淡藍色;(褪成灰色的) 側面亮銀色。 背鰭的上半部的略短胸鰭與黑色斑紋是唯一的滿意特徵將此種與 C. nudus 區分開。 (參考文獻 188) 鰭無棘的; 有很多的劍狀齒.(參考文獻 37816)
Occurs inshore, including brackish waters (Ref. 12743), from the shore to a depth of about 120 m (Ref. 30573). In Australia, it was reported in water temperatures of 26.0-29.0 °C (Ref. 4959). It feeds mainly on small fish and crustaceans (Ref. 188, 30573). Voracious predators of small schooling fishes, e.g. herrings and anchovies (Ref. 37816). Marketed fresh, frozen or dried and salted.
生活於近海, 包括半鹹淡水域。 (參考文獻 12743) 小群游性魚，例如，鯡魚與鯷魚的狼吞虎嚥掠食者.(參考文獻 37816) 在澳洲，它在 26.0-29.0 °C 的水溫被報告。 (參考文獻 4959) 主要吃小魚, 但是可能也捕食甲殼類動物。 在市場上銷售生鮮地了, 冷凍或乾燥與鹽醃的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 可能遍及較熱的沿岸水域, 從紅海而且東非到索羅門群島, 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。 最近記錄自東加。 (參考文獻 53797)
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 March 2017
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1980 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00361 - 0.00729), b=2.96 (2.86 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.89 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Assuming tm=2).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.81, Based on 9 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.9 [13.8, 49.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.471 [0.261, 0.831] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [17.7, 22.5] %; Omega3 = 0.138 [0.072, 0.264] g/100g; Selenium = 51.3 [26.6, 110.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 67.5 [19.3, 202.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.827 [0.566, 1.249] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
