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> Albuliformes (Bonefishes) > Albulidae (Bonefishes) > Albulinae
Etymology: Albula: Latin, albus = white (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Garman.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; brackvatten revassocierade. Tropical

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Eastern Pacific: southern Gulf of California, Mexico to at least San Pablo, Ecuador.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 84196)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 17 - 18; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 8 - 9. Distinguished from A. gilberti by diagnostic nucleotide substitutions at 17 different sites in the 544 bp cytb gene segment. In A. esuncula, the pelvic-fin tip does not surpass the anterior edge of the anus whereas it may reach the posterior edge in A. gilberti. In A. esuncula, the number of pelvic-fin rays is always 10 whereas it varies from 9 to 12 in A. gilberti. Lateral-line scale counts and numbers of rakers on the first gill arch are lower in A. esuncula (68–71 vs. 68–73 and 3–8 vs. 4–10, respectively). Since we examined only four or nine specimens of A. esuncula, according to the characteristic, the diagnostic value of the meristic differences between both species and the position of the pelvic-fin tip should not be considered validated yet and be used with caution (Ref. 88068).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Spawning occurs in open waters. Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Pfeiler, E., B.G. Bitler, R. Ulloa, A.M. van der Heiden and P.A. Hastings, 2008. Molecular identification of the bonefish Albula esuncula (Albuliformes: Albulidae) from the tropical eastern Pacific, with comments on distribution and morphology. Copeia 2008(4):763-770. (Ref. 84196)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 May 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
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Ecology
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Life cycle
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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5007 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00605 - 0.02387), b=3.03 (2.85 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).

Albula esuncula (Garman, 1899)