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Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
金梭魚科 (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Edmund Heller (1875–1939) was an American zoologist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Issue
References and information for Hawaii are retained (including common names). All other references from different study areas are questionable or refer to another species of Sphyraena.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 10 - 104 m (Ref. 58302). 亞熱帶的; 23°N - 18°N, 161°W - 154°W (Ref. 123366)
Eastern Pacific: Hawaii endemic.
印度洋: 東非與瑪斯科林島.(參考文獻 9768) 太平洋: 北至日本南部, 南至珊瑚海, 而且東至法屬玻里尼西亞; 也從夏威夷群島。 常見於太平洋的大洋性島嶼。 (參考文獻 9768) 精確的範圍用 Sphyraena acutipinnis 與 Sphyraena novaehollandiae 是不確定的由於這種的混淆。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 54.6 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 123366); 最大體重: 1.8 kg (Ref. 4887)
背棘 (總數) : 6; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9. This species is distinguished by the following set of characters: first gill arch with one gill raker; pelvic-fin insertion is located slightly before vertical through first dorsal-fin origin; pored lateral-line scales 121-127, total lateral-line scales 132-134; scales above lateral line 12-13 and below 14-15; snout comparatively long, its length 15.0-16.4% SL; upper jaw long, the posterior tip reaching to or beyond anterior nostril, but not reaching to below posterior nostril, its length 11.9-12.9% SL; eye large, orbit diameter 4.8-5.9 % SL and depth 4.8-5.6% SL; anal-fin base somewhat short, its length 6.8-7.5% SL; last dorsal- and anal-fin ray lengths 4.2-4.3% SL and 3.6-4.7% SL, respectively; anus is comparatively close to anal-fin origin, its anterior and posterior margins to anal-fin origin 6.5-8.2 % HL and 4.1-4.9% HL, respectively; the head sensory canal pores on suborbital area are simple or sometimes slightly branched, their lowermost parts very close to lacrimal bone margin, large smooth area lacking canal pores absent on mid-margin of lacrimal bone. Colouration: lateral surface of body no stripes or bands; caudal fin gray (Ref. 123366).
身體有的顏色側邊上的二條鮮黃色的斑紋; 尾鰭微暗的。
Mainly nocturnal (Ref. 4887).
棲息於珊瑚礁或海灣。 (參考文獻 9768) 在大群魚群中通常白天出現。 (參考文獻 9768) 主要夜行.(參考文獻 4887) 也用定置網捕獲。 (參考文獻 9768)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度洋: 東非與瑪斯科林島.(參考文獻 9768) 太平洋: 北至日本南部, 南至珊瑚海, 而且東至法屬玻里尼西亞; 也從夏威夷群島。 常見於太平洋的大洋性島嶼。 (參考文獻 9768) 精確的範圍用 Sphyraena acutipinnis 與 Sphyraena novaehollandiae 是不確定的由於這種的混淆。
Morishita, S. and H. Motomura, 2020. Sphyraena stellata, a new barracuda from the Indo-Pacific, with redescriptions of S. helleri Jenkins, 1901 and S. novaehollandiae Günther, 1860 (Perciformes: Sphyraenidae). Zootaxa 4772(3):545-566. (Ref. 123366)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 28.8, mean 27.5 °C (based on 566 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00329 - 0.01525), b=2.92 (2.75 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.3 [4.7, 30.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.285 [0.122, 0.637] mg/100g; Protein = 20.9 [18.9, 22.6] %; Omega3 = 0.141 [0.060, 0.310] g/100g; Selenium = 17.5 [6.8, 45.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 29.3 [5.9, 164.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.303 [0.180, 0.533] mg/100g (wet weight);
![Image of Sphyraena helleri (Heller\](/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sphel_u0.jpg "Image of Sphyraena helleri (Heller\")