分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Beloniformes (Needle fishes) >
Exocoetidae (Flyingfishes)
Etymology: Hirundichthys: latin, hirundo = swift; 1300 + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 5217). 亞熱帶的; 41°N - 13°S, 98°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: Guinea to Angola. Western Atlantic: Gulf Stream off Virginia, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Brazil (Ref. 7251), including the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 3720). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
東大西洋: 幾內亞到安哥拉。 西大西洋: 墨西哥灣流外海的美國維吉尼亞與墨西哥灣北部到巴西 (參考文獻 7251) 北部, 包括加勒比海.(參考文獻 3720) 印度-太平洋: 阿拉伯海.(參考文獻 26165)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 25.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 109257); common length : 24.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大年龄: 1.00 年 (Ref. 6503)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 11; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 11 - 12. Body elongate, thick, somewhat flattened ventrally; snout shorter than eye, blunt; palatine teeth usually absent; dorsal and anal fins set far back on body, their bases short; dorsal fin low, rays at anterior end the longest; anal fin origin slightly before, or 1 or 2 rays behind dorsal fin origin; pectoral fins strikingly long, 60 to 70 % of SL, only first ray unbranched; pelvic fins large, reaching well beyond anal fin origin; more than 25 scale rows of predorsal scales; dorsally, the color is usually iridescent blue or green in life; dorsal fin colorless or only slightly pigmented; pectoral fins dark, with a pale basal triangle and a narrow white margin (on trailing edge when extended) (Ref. 3720).
细长的身体, 厚的, 略微侧腹方向变平; 吻短于眼, 钝的; 颚齿通常不存在; 背鳍与臀鳍组相距遥远地在身体，他们的基底短上; 背鳍低的, 在前端最长的鳍条; 臀鳍起源以前些微地, 或在背鳍起点后面的 1 或 2 鳍条; 胸鳍显着长,60 到 70% SL, 唯一的第一个鳍条不分枝的; 腹鳍大的, 延伸到臀鳍起源后面; 超过 25 鳞片列的前背鳞片; 背面，颜色通常是蓝色虹彩或绿色的活着时; 背鳍无色的或只些微地有颜色; 胸鳍深色的, 具有一个灰白的基部三角形与狭窄的白色边缘 (在蔓延的边缘上当延伸).(参考文献 3720)
Occurs in surface waters both near and far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Forms schools. Capable of leaping out and gliding for long distances above the water. Seasonal variation in abundance was noted in the eastern Caribbean countries, a phenomenon that may be due to post-spawning mortality (Ref. 6838). The most important commercial fish species of the eastern Caribbean (Ref. 6504). Considered a good food fish; marketed fresh.
出现于水表面接近海岸与离岸很远都有.(参考文献 5217) 形成鱼群。 能够跳出和滑行长距离高于水。 丰度的季节性的变化在加勒比海的国家东部被注意, 一种可能由于后产卵必死的命运的现象.(参考文献 6838) 最加勒比海东部的重要商业鱼种.(参考文献 6504) 被认为是一个好食用鱼了; 在市场上销售生鲜地了。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Spawns on the water surface and to a depth of 20 m (Ref. 6834). Post-spawning mortality may explain the disappearance of mature cohorts at the close of the spawning season in June (Ref. 6838). 東大西洋: 幾內亞到安哥拉。 西大西洋: 墨西哥灣流外海的美國維吉尼亞與墨西哥灣北部到巴西 (參考文獻 7251) 北部, 包括加勒比海.(參考文獻 3720) 印度-太平洋: 阿拉伯海.(參考文獻 26165)
Gibbs, R.H. Jr., 1978. Exocoetidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Vol. 2. pag.var. (Ref. 3720)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 诱饵: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.3 - 23.6, mean 20 °C (based on 39 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00428 - 0.01543), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (tm<1; tmax=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 396 [116, 1,186] mg/100g; Iron = 3.76 [1.31, 9.56] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.4, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.379 [0.103, 1.550] g/100g; Selenium = 69.1 [18.9, 235.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.98 [0.62, 29.25] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.31 [0.68, 2.45] mg/100g (wet weight);
