Teleostei >
Gobiiformes (Gobies) >
Oxudercidae (Mudskippers) > Periophthalminae
Etymology: Periophthalmus: Greek, peri = around + Greek, ophthalmos = eye (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 46888); 深度上下限 0 - 1 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶
Indo-Pacific: along East African coast, from Zululand in South Africa northwards to the Red Sea and most of West Indian Ocean islands (Ref. 4756); further east to the Marianas and Samoa; north to Ryukyu Islands, south to western Australia and Oceania (Ref. 2334).
印度-太平洋: 紅海到南非南部,東至馬里亞納群島與美屬薩摩亞; 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲西部與大洋洲。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 5.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 19.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4756)
背棘 (總數) : 12 - 18; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 12; 臀棘: 1; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 11. Diagnosis: Distinguished by the following characteristics: pelvic fins lacking frenum; little or no membrane uniting medial most pelvic rays; first dorsal fin height moderate, its margin usually convex, occasionally straight, with a black stripe inframarginally and numerous small, white spots posteriorly on fin, no elongate spines; second dorsal fin with single, dusky stripe mesially; dorsal fins not connected by membrane; first dorsal fin with 11-16 spines; longitudinal scale count 64-100; head width 14.3-22.6% of standard length; pelvic fin length 11.3-15.2% of standard length; length of anal fin base 14.0-19.4% of standard length; length of second dorsal-fin base 17.6-23.7% of standard length; total D2 elements 10-13; total anal fin elements 9-12; TRDB 18-26 (Ref. 5218).
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); A resident intertidal species with homing behavior (Ref. 32612, 48637) and amphibious air-breather (Ref. 31184, 79840), found in brackish mud flats in mangrove and nipa palm areas. Found in both littoral and estuarine; able to climb out of water, in mangrove swamps and burrowing into intertidal mud banks (Ref. 4756). Occasionally in the lower parts of freshwater streams (Ref. 2847, 44894, 48637, 79840). Actively shuttling back and forth between rock pools and air (Ref. 31184). It feeds on worms, crustaceans, and insects (Ref. 37816). Can stay out of the water for up to 37 h if kept moist (Ref. 51276).
一個定居的潮間帶的種有歸巢的行為 (參考文獻 32612,48637) ，而且兩棲的呼吸空氣的魚類 (參考文獻 31184) 在紅樹林與尼帕棕櫚樹區域中發現於半鹹淡的淤泥平台.。 偶見於淡水溪流的下面部份。 (參考文獻 2847,44894,48637) 活躍地穿梭移動在岩石區潮池與空氣之間往前與往後。 (參考文獻 31184) 捕食蠕蟲，甲殼動物與昆蟲。 (參考文獻 37816) 如果保持潮溼，能離開水面停留超過 37 h 。 (參考文獻 51276)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海到南非南部,東至馬里亞納群島與美屬薩摩亞; 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲西部與大洋洲。
Murdy, E.O., 1989. A taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of the oxudercine gobies (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae). Rec. Aust. Mus., Suppl. 11:1-93. (Ref. 5218)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 June 2017
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.2 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 2897 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00514 - 0.02340), b=2.97 (2.79 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.40 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 90.6 [43.9, 190.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.678 [0.320, 1.287] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.104 [0.045, 0.218] g/100g; Selenium = 11.5 [5.6, 24.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 115 [29, 427] μg/100g; Zinc = 2 [1, 3] mg/100g (wet weight);
