分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues)
骨舌魚目 (Bony tongues) >
Osteoglossidae (Arowanas)
骨舌魚科 (Arowanas)
Etymology: Scleropages: Greek, skleros = hard + Greek, page, -es = knot (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichhardt (1813–1848) was a Prussian naturalist and explorer noted for having made a three-thousand-mile journey across Australia. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Günther.
Issue
Doubt about this species' source and geographic origin of type material and provenance of the original descriptions all strongly suggest that Günther based his description on material collected from within the range of the more widespread taxon S. jardinii. A revision of the Australian species within the genus Scleropages is needed (Ref. 131545). Please send us reference(s) regarding further studies of this species (or species under this genus).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 大洋性. 熱帶; 24°C - 40°C (Ref. 40276)
Oceania: Fitzroy River system of central-eastern Queensland, Australia. Introduced to a few other systems in southeastern Queensland. Protected in Indonesia, where it does not occur, probably as a misidentification of Scleropages jardinii (Ref. 12217).
大洋洲: 澳洲昆士蘭省中部與東部的 Fitzroy 河流域。 在昆士蘭東南部中引進了一些其他的系統。 在印尼被保護, 在那裡它不會出現, 可能作為一個 Scleropages jardinii 的錯誤的鑑定.(參考文獻 12217)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 44894); common length : 55.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 44894)
Live in still waters and slow-flowing sections of streams. They are usually seen near the surface or near shore among aquatic vegetation (Ref. 39857, 44894). Territorial and aggressive towards other fishes, particularly conspecifics. Scratches and wounds resulting from fighting arre frequently exhibited by adults captured in the wild (Ref. 44894). Feed on aquatic and terrestrial insects, fishes, frogs and crayfish. Mouthbrooders (Ref. 39857, 44894). Breeding occurs prior to the wet season at temperatures between 20°C and 23°C. A renowned angling species (Ref. 44894).
生活於靜止的水域與溪流的緩慢流動部分。 他們通常被見到在水生植物之中的接近水表面或近岸。 捕食水生與陸棲的昆蟲，魚，青蛙與小龍蝦。 口孵魚.(參考文獻 39857)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
"Spawning is by direct pairing. For several days prior to the estimated egg-laying time, the pairs were in continuous close company, swimming near the surface. Courting activities include close following, intermittent angled swimming (head down), vent nudging and lifting by the male. Individual males are capable of participating in at least two spawnings per season. A male will repair with a new available female within several weeks of an initial mating.
Females carrying unhatched eggs or larvae in the mouth are distinguished by a conspicuous white chin during the incubation period. Incubating females spend more time at the surface, exhibit no aggression to other non-carrying individuals and show no interest in food. Occasionally two incubating females will briefly act aggressively towards each other. During the latter stages of incubation the females concerned continually circle and inspect shallow shore areas.
Temporary release and recall of developing larvae occurs during daylight hours. The female comes into the littoral shallows, releases the full brood and continues swimming slowly parallel to the bank. Larvae maintain station around the head of the adult with individuals making brief excursions to the pond edge. The released juveniles are observed closely by the female. A sudden kinking movement of her body is followed by the rapid return of young to her mouth" (Ref. 39857).大洋洲: 澳洲昆士蘭省中部與東部的 Fitzroy 河流域。 在昆士蘭東南部中引進了一些其他的系統。 在印尼被保護, 在那裡它不會出現, 可能作為一個 Scleropages jardinii 的錯誤的鑑定.(參考文獻 12217)
Allen, G.R., 1989. Freshwater fishes of Australia. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 5259)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
近危 (NT) (B2b(iv)); Date assessed: 14 February 2019
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5781 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00417 (0.00174 - 0.00996), b=3.10 (2.89 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.61 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming fec < 100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100).
