Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; نطاق العمق 0 - 45 m (Ref. 2683). Tropical; 21°N - 18°S
Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Namibia, including Cape Verde and probably the islands of the Bay of Biafra. Western Central Atlantic: Colombia (Ref. 5217).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 150 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 4450); common length : 100.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 5217)
Very large, 1.9 m, pattern of large dark spots with dark blotch around gill opening (Ref. 26938).
Inhabits shallow water and feeds on crustaceans and fishes (Ref. 3254).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Smith, D.G. and E.B. Böhlke, 1990. Muraenidae. p. 136-148. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4450)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 28, mean 27.3 °C (based on 208 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00049 (0.00024 - 0.00099), b=3.26 (3.10 - 3.42), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفظ جدا, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أكثر من 14 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
