Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در محدوده وسیعی از آبهای آزاد از نزدیک بستر و یا روی کف بستر، در قسمت های میان آبی تا سطح آب و در برخی گونه ها با قابلیت پرواز، زندگی و تغذیه می کنند.; تغييرات عمق 100 - 770 m (Ref. 7412), usually 360 - 540 m (Ref. 7412). Deep-water
Eastern Atlantic: Azores, Madeira, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde and St. Helena Islands. Western Atlantic: West Indies, Saba Bank, Leeward Islands, off northern coast of Cuba and west of the Bahamas. Reported to occur in the northern coast of South America (Ref. 5217).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
Maturity: Lm 26.0, range 20 - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 5217); common length : 30.0 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 7412); بيشينه سن گزارش شده: 14 سال ها (Ref. 88061)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 5; شعاع نرم باله پشتي (کل) : 34 - 37; خارهاي باله مخرجي: 4; شعاع نرم باله مخرجي: 15 - 16; مهره ها: 29. Dark brownish grey in color, silvery below; black blotch on distal part of anterior dorsal rays (Ref. 6624). Snout blunt, rounded, adipose. Hyoid barbels present (Ref. 37108).
Found on semi-hard and soft bottoms on the continental shelf and slope. Marketed fresh and frozen.
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | Fecundity | توزاد ( لارو)
Hureau, J.-C., 1990. Polymixiidae. p. 625. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7412)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
خطر برای انسان ها
Harmless
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.4 - 15.3, mean 11.4 °C (based on 187 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5029 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00911 - 0.01586), b=3.04 (2.96 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
جهندگی (Ref.
120179): متوسط, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 4/1 – 4/4 سال (Assuming tm=2-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.7 [17.0, 62.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.479 [0.233, 0.908] mg/100g; Protein = 16.9 [15.8, 18.0] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.169, 0.635] g/100g; Selenium = 20.1 [8.9, 44.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.4 [3.7, 73.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.337 [0.227, 0.497] mg/100g (wet weight);
