分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Diplodus: Greek, diploos = twice + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
Issue
Issue on validity of subspecies: subspecies considered as valid in FB, elevated to species rank as Diplodus hottentotus (Smith, 1844) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Mar. 2011: Ref. 86697). Please send references, or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 100 m. 亞熱帶的
Western Indian Ocean: known only from southern Mozambique and South Africa.
西印度洋: 已知只來自莫三比克南部與南非了。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 28.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3507); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3507); 最大年齡: 33 年 (Ref. 26244)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12 - 14; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 11. Young bright yellow between crossbars.
幼魚鮮黃色的在交叉的條紋之間。
Inhabits coastal waters, mainly on rocky bottoms. Also enters estuaries, which are also used as nursery grounds. Feeds on fish, mollusks, crustaceans, worms, and other organisms. Has a nauseating odor; sold fresh in markets.
棲息於沿岸水域, 主要在岩石底部上。 也進入河口, 也那是用作繁殖場。 吃魚，軟體動物，甲殼動物，蠕蟲與其他的生物。 有一個作嘔的氣味; 賣了生鮮地在市場中。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西印度洋: 已知只來自莫三比克南部與南非了。
Heemstra, P.C. and E. Heemstra, 2004. Coastal fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre (NISC) and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB), Grahamstown. 488 p. (Ref. 58304)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 December 2009
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00813 - 0.02041), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.53 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 12.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=6; tmax=33).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
