Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; acqua dolce; salmastro benthopelagico; amfidromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 0 - 30 m (Ref. 43448). Tropical; 30°N - 26°S
Indo-West Pacific: northern Indian Ocean and the Indo-Australian Archipelago. A lessepsian migrant, now prevalent in the Mediterranean (Ref. 43448).
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 58652)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 11 - 12; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 9 - 11; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 8 - 9.
Adults inhabit coastal waters, entering brackish estuaries (Ref. 3132) and mangrove areas (Ref. 7300). Also in fresh waters (Ref. 30573). Feed on fishes and invertebrates. Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturità | Riproduzione | Deposizione | Uova | Fecundity | Larve
Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale
Strumenti
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3744 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00194 - 0.01235), b=3.10 (2.88 - 3.32), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.47 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 224 [135, 392] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.66, 1.73] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [16.5, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.163 [0.080, 0.322] g/100g; Selenium = 47.6 [23.2, 101.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.1 [14.5, 82.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.22 [1.56, 3.01] mg/100g (wet weight);