分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的. ; 24°N - 8°S, 62°E - 116°E (Ref. 114953)
Indo-West Pacific: Arabian Sea (Pakistan) to South-East Asia (Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Vietnam and southern China).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 14 - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9912)
Subtrapezoidal disc, a uniform purplish-brown, brown, or tan dorsal coloration (devoid of any other markings), and wide, broadly rounded tooth bands (Ref. 49866).
Found in continental waters, both inshore and offshore (Ref. 9912). Occurs over soft bottoms; feeds on bottom-living organisms; possesses electric organs (Ref. 68964). Biology little known (Ref. 9912). Gravid females produces 2-3 pups during each gestation. Males mature at ca. 14 cm TL; born at ca. 6 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
de Carvalho, M.R. and J.E. Randall, 2003. Numbfishes from the Arabian Sea and surrounding gulfs, with the description of a new species from Oman (Chondrichthyes: Torpediniformes: Narcinidae). Ichthyol. Res. 50(1):59-66. (Ref. 49866)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.9 - 28.6, mean 27.1 °C (based on 1313 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00476 - 0.02897), b=2.88 (2.66 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
