Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο βενθικό(ς); αμφίδρομο (Ref. 51243); εύρος βάθους ? - 25 m (Ref. 31582). Tropical; 24°N - 11°N, 71°E - 102°E (Ref. 57343)
Eastern Indian Ocean and Western Pacific: west coast of India to Thailand. Probably occurs in Malaysia (Ref. 5756) and Laos (Ref. 9497).
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm NG αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 94495); common length : 17.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3479)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 7; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 14 - 15; Εδρικές άκανθες: 2; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 11 - 13.
Lives over sandy bottoms, regularly entering freshwaters during breeding season. Feeds mainly on crustaceans (especially shrimps), small fishes and benthic organisms. Marketed fresh (Ref. 3479).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Motomura, H., S.O. Kullander, T. Yoshino and Y. Iwatsuki, 2002. Review of seven-spined Polynemus species (Perciformes: Polynemidae) with designation of a neotype for Polynemus paradiseus Linnaeus, 1758. Ichthyol. Res. 49(4):307-317. (Ref. 31582)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 27.5 - 28.9, mean 28.4 °C (based on 157 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00298 - 0.00805), b=3.08 (2.94 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.60 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).