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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Soleidae (Soles)
Eponymy: Sir William John Macleay (1820–1891) was a Scottish medical student who followed his uncle Alexander to Sidney (1838), where he became an all-round naturalist. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Ramsay.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع. Temperate
Western Pacific: eastern Australia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 86741)
The following observations were reported for this species: adept at burrowing beneath the sand and swims beneath the sand; adults spend the winter months in moderately deep water, gradually move to shallower water in spring and on reaching maturity during summer months, collect in the vicinity of river mouths, where they spawn; the young, as soon as the yolk-sac is absorbed, make their way into the estuaries and gradually work up these even to far beyond the limit of the tide (e.g. in Hunter River); considered a delicious pan-fish, equal in flavor to Solea solea; prefers shellfish and worms that live on and in the substrate (Ref. 57560).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00466 - 0.02049), b=3.07 (2.90 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
