Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 20 - 100 m (Ref. 28016). Tropical; 44°N - 45°S, 25°E - 130°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to French Polynesia (Ref. 4795), north to southern Japan, south to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819) and Australia.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 165 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 9710); common length : 100.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 5213); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 25.0 kg (Ref. 30874)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 7; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 18 - 20; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 15 - 20; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 24.
Adults found over coral reefs in coastal waters below 60 m (Ref. 9710, 58534). Form schools. Juveniles solitary, found in surface waters and in estuaries; may mimic jellyfish. Feed on fishes, squids, and crustaceans (Ref. 5213).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya; Akuarium: Akuarium publik
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.7 - 28.6, mean 27.4 °C (based on 763 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02512 (0.02012 - 0.03136), b=2.85 (2.79 - 2.91), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.53 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (K = 0.17).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (62 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.9 [10.4, 45.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.587 [0.317, 1.205] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.5, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.108 [0.063, 0.203] g/100g; Selenium = 50.4 [25.5, 105.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 31.5 [7.3, 121.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.645 [0.418, 0.981] mg/100g (wet weight);
