分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) >
Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
Etymology: Aluterus: Name from Greek meaning not free or detached, referring to the pelvis that does not form a spiny project (as it does in triggerfish) (R. Chandler, pers. Comm. 10/2014).
Eponymy: Dr Johann David Schoepf (1752–1800) was a German botanist, zoologist and physician. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 3 - 900 m (Ref. 3592), usually ? - 50 m (Ref. 3592). 亞熱帶的; 46°N - 27°S, 97°W - 13°E
Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Canada), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Cape Blanc, Mauritania to Angola (Ref. 3592).
西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西。 東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞的 Blanc 岬到安哥拉.(參考文獻 3592)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3592)
背棘 (总数) : 2; 背的软条 (总数) : 32 - 39; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 35 - 41. Pelvic terminus always absent; head and body with numerous small round orange or orange-yellow spots; lips often blackish (Ref. 13442).
腹鳍后棘突总是不存在; 头部与身体有很多的小圆的橘色或橘黄色的斑点; 唇时常黑色的.(参考文献 13442)
Usually found over bottoms with seagrass, sand, or mud (Ref. 3790). Juveniles are associated with floating Sargassum. Solitary or in pairs (Ref. 9710). Feeds on a variety of plants, including algae and seagrasses (Ref. 3790). Generally considered as trash fish, rarely consumed (Ref. 3790). Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
用海草，沙子否则泥通常发现于底部之上。 (参考文献 3790) 稚鱼被伴随着漂浮 马尾藻 。 独居性或成对.(参考文献 9710) 吃多种植物, 包括藻类与海草。 (参考文献 3790) 通常被当作下杂鱼了, 很少地消费。 (参考文献 3790) 在巴西的塞阿腊作为一个水族馆鱼交易了。 (参考文献 49392)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).西大西洋: 新斯科舍省 (加拿大) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部到巴西。 東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞的 Blanc 岬到安哥拉.(參考文獻 3592)
Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20 - 28, mean 25.6 °C (based on 842 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00956 - 0.04164), b=2.93 (2.76 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.4 [5.5, 43.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.54 [0.24, 1.41] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [15.9, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.159 [0.065, 0.358] g/100g; Selenium = 37 [14, 102] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [3.6, 108.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.785 [0.452, 1.359] mg/100g (wet weight);
