Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βαθυπελαγικό(ς); μη μεταναστευτικό(ά); εύρος βάθους 700 - 3000 m (Ref. 4463), usually 2000 - ? m (Ref. 117245). Deep-water; 66°N - 62°S, 180°W - 180°E
Eastern Atlantic: scattered records from 65°30'N, 30°30'W (Ref. 4769) to Namibia; also off Cape Point, South Africa (Ref. 3991). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951). Western Central Atlantic: between 20°N and 5°S. Austral Atlantic and Pacific: between 30° to 35°S.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm SL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 4769); 20.0 cm SL (female)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 0; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 11 - 15; Εδρικές άκανθες: 0; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 22 - 26. Black in color (Ref. 3991). Few enlarged teeth on the roof of the mouth. Fewer anal rays and more gill rakers. Body compressed and photophores extremely small (Ref. 37473).
Bathypelagic (Ref. 58426). There is marked stratification of size with depth and no diel vertical migrations (Ref. 4769). Initial photophore develops at about 1.1 cm SL (Ref. 4769). Feeds on crustaceans (Ref. 58426).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Αβγά | Γονιμότητα | Προνύμφες
Sex reversal at about 5-10 cm SL (Ref. 4769). Some males become super males, apparently not undergoing sex reversal and are principal spawners (Ref. 4769). Females spawn at about 11 cm SL (Ref. 4769). Males macrosmatic, females microsmatic (Ref. 4769).
Badcock, J., 1984. Gonostomatidae. p. 284-301. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 1. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4769)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: χωρίς ενδιαφέρον
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