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Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Stromateidae (Butterfishes)
Etymology: Stromateus: Greek, stromatos = a fish flattened body with a lot of colours (Stromateus sp.) (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas bentopelágico; intervalo de profundidade 10 - 70 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 48°N - 34°S, 18°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay where rare (Ref. 6561) and the Mediterranean southward to the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm SL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6561); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 26999)
Descrição suscinta
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Raios dorsais (total) : 42 - 50; Raios anais : 33 - 38. Blue to brownish in color and darker spots dorsally, silver to whitish ventrally; juveniles with vertical bars on body and small black pelvic fins (Ref. 4410).
Found over continental shelves (Ref. 6561). Young are often found associated with pelagic medusae (Ref. 6561). Form large shoals (Ref. 27121). Feeds on small fishes and zooplankton, also medusae (Ref. 6561).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Haedrich, R.L., 1986. Stromateidae. p. 1192-1193. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol 3. (Ref. 6561)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: pouco comercial
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
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Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14.5 - 27.4, mean 19 °C (based on 242 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01585 (0.00707 - 0.03555), b=3.01 (2.82 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (Assuming tm=2-3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 52.1 [26.1, 115.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.864 [0.418, 1.689] mg/100g; Protein = 15.6 [13.6, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.276 [0.153, 0.481] g/100g; Selenium = 31.5 [14.0, 69.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.4 [4.0, 52.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.547 [0.350, 0.842] mg/100g (wet weight);
