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Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Rhinobatidae (Guitarfishes)
Etymology: glaucostigma: Specific name referring to a colored mark.
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.
Issue
Date Eschmeyer, pers.comm.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu 1 - 112 m (Ref. 96339). Tropical; 28°N - 4°S, 112°W - 82°W (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Central Pacific: Gulf of California to Ecuador.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 89.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 114953)
Benthic in shallow waters over soft bottom (Ref. 9262). Adults feed on prawns and crabs, juveniles mainly amphipod crustaceans (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Các trứng | Sự sinh sản | Ấu trùng
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1999. Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các công cụ
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.7 - 28.9, mean 26 °C (based on 84 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00263 (0.00157 - 0.00440), b=3.08 (2.93 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42 [11, 188] mg/100g; Iron = 0.765 [0.198, 2.189] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.5, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.149 [0.065, 0.342] g/100g; Selenium = 54.8 [13.8, 152.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.8 [4.9, 31.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.886 [0.436, 1.580] mg/100g (wet weight);