Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina bottenlevande; amfidrom (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 22 - 38 m (Ref. 11790). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and off India (from Bombay southward to Sri Lanka) eastward to western New Guinea and southern China (Ref. 9774).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9774); common length : 20.0 cm SL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 9774)
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 67 - 76; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 51 - 56. Body brownish, a distinct, large dark blotch at junction of straight and curved parts of lateral line and a smaller blotch on middle of straight section of lateral line, many dark rings scattered on body. Upper profile of head without notch in front of eye. Scales on eyed side ctenoid on anterior part and dorsal and ventral margins of body on eyed side, cycloid on remaining areas. Pectoral fin on ocular side with 11-12 soft rays (Ref 9774).
Inhabits shallow continental shelves with muddy and sandy substrates. Feeds on benthic animals. Marketed mostly fresh.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Bothidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 1. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 3322)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.8 - 28.8, mean 28 °C (based on 226 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00338 - 0.01553), b=3.17 (3.00 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).