分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings)
鯡形目 (Herrings) >
Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
鯡科 (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
Etymology: Sprattus: Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 深度上下限 0 - 72 m (Ref. 58489). 亞熱帶的; 37°S - 48°S, 166°E - 180°E (Ref. 188)
Southwest Pacific: New Zealand.
西南太平洋: 紐西蘭。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 12.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188); common length : 9.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 12 - 23; 脊椎骨: 48 - 51. Upper jaw rounded and not notched on frontal view. Gill cover without bony radiating striae; tooth plate on tongue broad, almost oval, width about 3 times in length, lateral teeth strong; scales with fine radiating or horizontal striae on exposed posterior part; back steel blue when fresh. Pterotic bulla absent. Last two anal rays normal.
上頜圓的而不是在前的見解上凹槽。 沒有多骨的放射陷紋的鰓蓋; 在舌上的齒碟寬的﹐幾乎橢圓形, 寬度大約 3 倍長, 強勁地的側齒; 在裸露的較後面的部分上鱗片有細的放射或水平的陷紋; 新鮮時的背面鐵藍色。 翼的文件印章不存在。 最後兩個臀鰭鰭條正常。
A schooling species in coastal waters. The biology probably resembles that of S. muelleri from which it has not usually been distinguished in earlier studies. Tends to occur in the bottom or midwater except during summer when surface shoals may appear; extends to deeper water in summer and retreats to close inshore for spawning during winter (Ref. 9258). Reported from surface (Ref. 188) to 72 m (Ref. 58489).
在沿岸水域中的一個群游性魚種。 生物學特性可能類似 S. muelleri 從它已經不常在比較早的研究被區別。 傾向出現在底部或者中層水域除.夏天時之外當表面淺灘可能出現的時候; 夏天時擴展到深水域而且在冬天期間撤退回近岸產卵.(參考文獻 9258) 記錄來自表面 (參考文獻 188) to 72 公尺.。 (參考文獻 58489)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西南太平洋: 紐西蘭。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 February 2017
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業; 誘餌: occasionally
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.9 - 18.2, mean 16.1 °C (based on 38 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00339 - 0.01349), b=3.13 (2.95 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
