分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Dorosomatidae (Gizzard shads and sardinellas)
Etymology: Harengula: Old English haring, hering = mackerel, the fish Clupea harengus (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Poey.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 ? - 22 m (Ref. 26912), usually 1 - 5 m (Ref. 40849). 熱帶; 43°N - 37°S, 99°W - 33°W (Ref. 188)
Western Atlantic: New Jersey, USA and Bermuda southward to Florida (USA), Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and southern Brazil. Often confused with Harengula clupeola with which it co-occurs over most of its range.
西大西洋: 美國的紐澤西與百慕達群島向南至佛羅里達 (美國) ，墨西哥灣，加勒比海與巴西南部。 時常與 似鯡青鱗魚〔Harengula clupeola〕 互相混淆它共同生存在大部分的它分佈範圍之上。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.1, range 8 - 8.5 cm
Max length : 21.2 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 12.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 188); 最大年龄: 3.00 年 (Ref. 12193)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 21; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 12 - 23. Tooth plate on tongue and tooth plate behind it (basihyal and basibranchial tooth plates) very broad, their width about 3 to 5 times in their combined length, the basihyal tooth plate with a very distinct bulge in front (Ref. 188). Scales fairly strongly attached, not easily lost (Ref. 188). No dark pigment on dorsal fin tip (Ref. 188). No orange or red spot at opercle. Belly deep, lower profile decidedly more curved than the flattened upper profile (Ref. 7251).
在它 (基舌骨与基鳃骨齿板) 后面的舌与齿碟上的齿碟非常宽的, 他们的宽度大约 3 到 5 倍他们的组合长度, 基舌骨齿碟在前面中具有一个非常明显的凸起.(参考文献 188) 鳞片相当强烈地附上了, 不是容易失去.(参考文献 188) 没有深色的在背鳍顶端上.(参考文献 188) 在鳃盖的没有橘色或红色的斑点。 腹面深又低的轮廓无疑地更弯曲的超过平的上面轮廓.(参考文献 7251)
Occurs in coastal waters, over mud sand bottoms and frequently near brackish or hyper-saline estuaries (Ref. 5217). Forms schools. Marketed fresh or canned.
出现于沿岸水域, 在泥砂质底部之上与时常在半咸淡水或高盐度的河口附近.(参考文献 5217) 形成鱼群。 在市场上销售生鲜地了或罐装的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Juveniles of 2.9 to 4.4 cm SL appeared in Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, in May and migrated out in December or March at 7.5 to 8.0 cm. 西大西洋: 美國的紐澤西與百慕達群島向南至佛羅里達 (美國) ，墨西哥灣，加勒比海與巴西南部。 時常與 似鯡青鱗魚〔Harengula clupeola〕 互相混淆它共同生存在大部分的它分佈範圍之上。
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 28.1, mean 27.1 °C (based on 872 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00758 - 0.01001), b=3.07 (3.03 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.48-0.60; tmax=3; Fec=5,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 86.2 [44.5, 151.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.898 [0.473, 1.548] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.2, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.231 [0.131, 0.402] g/100g; Selenium = 25.5 [13.4, 49.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 123 [40, 348] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.56 [1.06, 2.25] mg/100g (wet weight);
