Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu 90 - 130 m (Ref. 122751). Subtropical; 45°N - 30°N, 6°W - 36°E
Endemic to the Mediterranean.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 3397)
Found on the shelf, on mud bottoms (Ref. 3397). A nocturnally-active species (Ref. 48389). Buries itself in the mud during the day, emerging only to feed at night (Ref. 48389).
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.7 - 21.4, mean 19.2 °C (based on 452 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00091 (0.00039 - 0.00215), b=2.99 (2.79 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 47.6 [11.1, 143.4] mg/100g; Iron = 1.09 [0.42, 4.27] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.5, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.325 [0.151, 0.907] g/100g; Selenium = 24.9 [4.8, 70.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.3 [4.5, 53.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.514 [0.258, 1.021] mg/100g (wet weight);