Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang. Tropical
Indo-Pacific: Gulf of Aden and East Africa to Fiji and Tonga, north to southern Japan, south to the Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819) and Australia.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3287)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 9; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 17 - 19; Duri dubur: 3; Sirip dubur lunak: 15 - 17.
Adults inhabit coastal waters near coral reefs or on sand/rubble bottoms (Ref. 5213, 90102). Usually in small schools (Ref. 48635). May also be found solitary (Ref. 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Ikan buruan: ya
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1326 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00626 - 0.02776), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 33.6 [21.5, 71.2] mg/100g; Iron = 1.21 [0.56, 2.39] mg/100g; Protein = 20.3 [17.7, 22.4] %; Omega3 = 0.19 [0.11, 0.34] g/100g; Selenium = 10.1 [4.9, 20.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 60.1 [10.7, 358.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.664 [0.363, 1.469] mg/100g (wet weight);