Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays) >
Pristidae (Sawfishes)
鋸鰩科 (Sawfishes)
Etymology: Pristis: Greek, pristis = saw (Ref. 45335).
Issue
This species was not reported since 1902 in the Mediterranean sea. An award will be granted by the CIESM to any documented, reliable / verifiable evidence (published paper / Ph.D thesis / photo) reporting the species after that year (Ref. 116564).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - 88 m (Ref. 114953). 亞熱帶的; 16°C - 30°C
Atlantic and South-West Indian Oceans; once widespread.
Circumglobal。 西大西洋: 北卡羅萊那州 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部 (參考文獻 7251) 到阿根廷.(參考文獻 58839) 加勒比海, 稀有的在百慕達群島.(參考文獻 26938) 東大西洋: 直布羅陀到那米比亞; 可能地在地中海中.(參考文獻 9859) 印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到菲律賓.(參考文獻 9859) 可能出現在東太平洋。 (參考文獻 9859)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 760 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6871); common length : 550 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6871); 最大體重: 350.0 kg (Ref. 3164)
Diagnosis: Pristis pectinata is easily separable from Pristis perotteti by the following characters: its first dorsal fin originates about over the origin of its pelvic fins vs. considerably in front of origin of pelvic fins in P. perotteti; its caudal fin is much shorter, but broader relative to the length of the fin, with lower lobe only faintly indicated; its rostral teeth are numerous, 23 or more on each side vs. not more than 20 in P. perotteti; its saw is relatively somewhat shorter; its second dorsal fin has the posterior margin much less deeply concave; and its pectoral fins are smaller (Ref. 6902, 81624). Pristis pectinata agrees with Pristis pristis in the shape of its caudal fin and in the position of the first dorsal fin relative to the pelvic fins, but it can be separated from P. pristis by its more numerous rostral teeth, 23 or more on each side vs. less than 20 (Ref. 6902, 81624).
長的﹐平坦的﹐和刀劍狀的喙部有 24 到 32個對齒沿著邊緣; 尾鰭大的且斜沒有下葉.(參考文獻 26938) 深灰色對暗褐色的上方，灰白沿著鰭的邊緣。 白色到白灰色或白黃色的在.之下 (參考文獻 6902)
Inshore and intertidal species, but may cross deep water to reach offshore islands; also ascends rivers and can tolerate fresh water (Ref. 9859). Commonly seen in bays, lagoons, estuaries, and river mouths. Also found in rivers and lakes (Ref. 12951). Feeds on fishes and shellfishes (Ref. 58784). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Gravid females reportedly carry as many as 20 embryos, which require a year of gestation (Ref. 27549). Uses its saw to stir the bottom when feeding on bottom invertebrates and to kill pelagic fishes (Ref. 9859). Utilized as a food fish; oil is used to make medicine, soap and in leather tanning (Ref. 6871). Adults stuffed for decoration (Ref. 6871). Reported to be aggressive towards sharks when kept in tanks (Ref. 12951). This species is currently protected in several areas as populations are under severe threat (Ref. 81624).
沿海地區與潮間帶的種, 但是可能越過深水域達到離岸島嶼; 也溯河而且能容忍淡水.(參考文獻 9859) 常見於海灣，潟湖，河口與河口。 也發現於河川與湖泊。 (參考文獻 12951) 捕食魚類與貝.(參考文獻 58784) 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 使用它的鋸子攪動底部當捕食底棲無脊椎動物與殺大洋性的魚.(參考文獻 9859) 作為食用魚; 油被用來製造藥，肥皂與在皮革硝皮中.(參考文獻 6871) 成魚裝填裝飾。 (參考文獻 6871) 當保存於水族箱.，報告是對鯊魚有侵略性。 (參考文獻 12951)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Ovoviviparous, with gravid females containing about 15-20 embryos (Ref. 3163). Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Gives birth in shallow bays and estuaries (Ref. 12951). Size at birth 61 cm (Ref. 12951).Circumglobal。 西大西洋: 北卡羅萊那州 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部 (參考文獻 7251) 到阿根廷.(參考文獻 58839) 加勒比海, 稀有的在百慕達群島.(參考文獻 26938) 東大西洋: 直布羅陀到那米比亞; 可能地在地中海中.(參考文獻 9859) 印度-西太平洋: 紅海而且東非到菲律賓.(參考文獻 9859) 可能出現在東太平洋。 (參考文獻 9859)
Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
極危 (CR) (A2cd); Date assessed: 09 March 2022
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.9 - 28, mean 27.1 °C (based on 776 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5234 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00407 (0.00162 - 0.01023), b=3.02 (2.80 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 32.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec=15).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
