Classification / Names
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Salmoniformes (Salmons) >
Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
पारिस्थितिकी
; स्वच्छ जल, अलवण जल; खारा ड़िमरसल; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 20 - ?; ऐनाढरोमस (Ref. 51243). Temperate; 4°C - 16°C (Ref. 2059); 78°N - 41°N, 6°W - 85°E
Europe: Native to Lake Bourget (France) and Geneva (Switzerland, France). Population of Lake Aiguebelette (France) apparently introduced, but a 'lavaret' had already been recorded from there in the 17th century (Ref. 59043). Other authors assume it to be a superspecies occurring in Great Britain and Alpine areas of Central Europe. Has been stocked into many other places in Europe outside its native range. There are many parallel and wrong scientific names for this species in use because of the problems in classifying the genus Coregonus (Ref. 7495). Asia: introduced to Iran (Ref. 39702).
Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age
Maturity: Lm 27.1, range 40 - ? cm
Max length : 73.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 40637); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 10.0 kg (Ref. 35388)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 3 - 5; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 9 - 12; गुदा कांटा: 3 - 5; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 10 - 13. Mouth small with protruding upper jaw. Silvery body (Ref. 35388). Caudal fin with 19 soft rays (Ref. 40476).
Gregarious lacustrine forms (Ref. 2163) and anadromous estuarine forms, rarely in full saltwater. Feeds on planktonic crustaceans, or larger benthic crustaceans in brackish water. Movement in water column as a function of zooplankton repartition (Ref. 2163). Spawns in gravel, near shore, in shallow water, in December (Ref. 59043). Likely to benefit from environmental regulations in France passed on 8/12/88 (Ref. 2163).
Spawning takes place at night.
Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
मात्स्यिकी: व्यापारिक; जलीयकृषि: व्यापारिक; आखेट मत्स्य: हां
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 5.8 - 12.5, mean 9.5 °C (based on 528 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00377 - 0.00529), b=3.20 (3.16 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
लौटाव (Ref.
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.3-0.7; tmax=8; Fecundity=3,800 - 169,800).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 20.4 [11.3, 32.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.335 [0.226, 0.476] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [17.4, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 1.06 [0.46, 2.79] g/100g; Selenium = 17.1 [8.9, 38.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.28 [2.85, 14.43] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.552 [0.447, 0.674] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
