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Mobula thurstoni (Lloyd, 1908)

Smoothtail mobula
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Mobula thurstoni   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Mobula thurstoni (Smoothtail mobula)
Mobula thurstoni
Picture by Notarbartolo di Sciara, G.

Classification / Names आम नाम | उपशब्द | Catalog of Fishes(वर्ग, प्रजाति) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

इलाज़मौबरांकी (शारक और रेज़) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Mobulidae (Devilrays)
Etymology:

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; गहराई सीमा 0 - 100 m (Ref. 12951). Subtropical; 38°N - 34°S

वितरण देश | ऐफ ऐ ओ क्षेत्र | Ecosystems | संयोग | Point map | भूमिका | Faunafri

Circumglobal in tropical seas. Indian Ocean: off South Africa, Bay of Bengal, and probably Indonesia (Ref. 9911). Eastern Central Pacific: From Gulf of California to Chile (Ref. 130539).

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: Lm 163.6, range 146 - ? cm
Max length : 220 cm WD पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 2850); common length : 150 cm WD पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 9256)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

A moderate-sized devilray with a short head bearing short head fins; dorsal fin white-tipped, and pectoral fins with swept-back tips and a prominent double bend to the front margins; upper disc sparsely covered with small, blunt denticles and tail shorter than disc, with no spine (Ref. 5578). Dark blue to black above; white below, with silvery pectoral fin tips (Ref. 5578). No caudal fin (Ref. 5578).

जीवविज्ञान     शब्द संग्रह (उदाहरणार्थ epibenthic)

Occurs in coastal and oceanic waters, but more common near the coast (Ref. 9256). Found singly or in small groups (Ref. 12951). Feeds mainly on planktonic crustaceans (Ref. 12951); mostly small shrimp-like animals (Ref.58048). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Caught occasionally in the tuna gillnet and in harpoon fisheries. Utilized for its gill filter plates (high value), meat, cartilage and skin (Ref.58048). Can leap out of the water.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). With one large offspring per gestation period. Size at birth 65-85 cm (Ref. 6871).

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Endangered (EN) (A2bd+3d); Date assessed: 09 November 2018

CITES


Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

अधिक जानकारी

Trophic ecology
खाद्य पदार्थ
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
परभक्षी
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
पुनरुत्पत्ति
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी
Distribution
देश
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Body compositions
Nutrients
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Swimming type
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Visual pigment(s)
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आनुवंशिकी
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Human related
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जलीयकृषि रूपरेखाऐ
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Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
References
संदर्भ

साधन

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: वर्ग, प्रजाति | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, खोज | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.6 - 29.1, mean 27.8 °C (based on 2652 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5005   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.30 se; based on food items.
लौटाव (Ref. 120179):  बहुत नीचे, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 14 महीने। (Fec=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (85 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 7.99 [1.05, 135.60] mg/100g; Iron = 0.83 [0.08, 10.24] mg/100g; Protein = 20.6 [15.3, 25.9] %; Omega3 = 0.157 [0.047, 0.501] g/100g; Selenium = 22.8 [4.7, 120.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.56 [0.35, 57.84] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.483 [0.030, 5.484] mg/100g (wet weight);