分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Esociformes (Pikes and mudminnows)
狗魚目 (Pikes and mudminnows) >
Esocidae (Pikes)
狗魚科 (Pikes)
Etymology: Esox: From Greek, isox and also related with the Celtic root, eog, ehawc = salmon (Ref. 45335); masquinongy: Stemmed from an Ojibwa (Chippewa) Indian name for this fish (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Mitchill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 非遷移的. 溫帶; 53°N - 30°N
North America: Native to St. Lawrence River - Great Lakes, Hudson Bay (Red River), and Mississippi River basins. Introduced elsewhere in the USA. Native populations are protected in portions of Tennessee and Ohio.
北美洲: 原產於聖勞倫斯河 - 五大湖，哈得遜灣 (紅河) 與密西西比河流域。 引入了在美國的其他地方。 原住民在田納西州與俄亥俄州的部分被保護。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 77.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 183 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 95.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大體重: 31.8 kg (Ref. 3549); 最大年齡: 30 年 (Ref. 26373)
Lives in clear vegetated lakes, quiet pools and backwaters of creeks and small to large rivers (Ref. 205, 10294). Solitary, lurking hunter on other fishes as well as on ducklings, muskrats, and snakes. Oviparous, spawn in spring as the ice melts (Ref. 205).
生活在小溪與小型到大型河川的清澈長滿植物的湖泊，靜止的池水與洄水區。 (參考文獻 205,10294) 獨居性, 偷偷獵食其他的魚以及小鴨子，麝鼠與蛇。 卵生的, 當結冰融化時產卵於春天中。 (參考文獻 205)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Some experts believe that some form of copulation happens during breeding of this species. The female turns on her side to expose her abdomen to the male who then swims against her in a forceful movement. Aftewards, the female takes a rest and deposits her eggs in the sand. This whole activity is presumably repeated one more time (Ref. 205). Other experts believe otherwise, that only a simple and simultaneous discharge of gametes happens during breeding (Ref. 205).北美洲: 原產於聖勞倫斯河 - 五大湖，哈得遜灣 (紅河) 與密西西比河流域。 引入了在美國的其他地方。 原住民在田納西州與俄亥俄州的部分被保護。
Crossman, E.J., 1996. Taxonomy and distribution. p. 1-11. In J.F. Craig (ed.) Pike biology and exploration. Chapman and Hall, London. 298 p. (Ref. 26373)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 December 2011
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5157 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00372 - 0.00645), b=3.08 (3.02 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.4 (5.5 - 7.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 25
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.07-0.15; tmax=30).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
