分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cypriniformes (Carps) >
Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Laviniinae
Etymology: Acrocheilus: Greek, akro = topmost, summit + Greek, cheilos =lip (Ref. 45335); alutaceus: The specific name is derived from alutaceus (leathery) (Ref. 1998).
More on authors: Agassiz & Pickering.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的. 溫帶; 55°N - 41°N
North America: Fraser and Columbia River drainages in British Columbia in Canada, Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and Nevada in USA; Harney River basin in Oregon, USA.
北美洲: 在加拿大的英屬哥倫比亞，華盛頓，愛達荷，奧勒岡州與美國內華達州的菲沙河與哥倫比亞河流域; 在美國的奧勒岡州的 Harney 河流域。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 86798); common length : 17.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193)
背的軟條 (總數) : 10 - 11; 臀鰭軟條: 9 - 10. Moderately compressed body, deepest in front of dorsal fin; strong tapering to narrow caudal peduncle; large, forked caudal fin; wide head; subterminal mouth; hard plate on lower jaw; large eye; dorsal-fin origin over pelvic-fin origin; rounded, protruding snout; decurved, complete lateral line with 85-93 scales; long intestine (at least twice length of body) ; black peritoneum; dorsal fin with 10-11 rays; anal fin with 9-10 rays; pharyngeal teeth 0,4-4,0 to 0,5-5,0; gray above, brassy silver side; yellow to brown fins; large individuals with gray dorsal and caudal fins, orange at pectoral and pelvic-fin bases (Ref. 86798). Tail large and flaring. Lower jaw bears a sharp edge, nearly square when viewed from beneath. Sharp part of lip consist of cornified epithelium which is sometimes slightly calcified. Internal to the fleshy upper lip is a small, hard plate upon which the lower lip bears. Young fish have a more rounded lower lip, when viewed either laterally or from below. Digestive tract in adults is about twice the length of the body, with most of its length consisting of a coiled section posterior to the entry of the bile duct (Ref. 52680).
描述: 延長, 些微扁長形的身體。 尾柄狹窄的。 尾部大而發光的。 下頜有一個銳利的邊緣, 幾乎方形當在從看了之下。 唇的銳利部份有 cornified 上皮有時些微地是變成石灰質。 內在的到肉質的上嘴唇是下面的唇有的一個小又堅硬的碟在。之上 幼魚有一個更多的圓形下唇, 當看或側面地或者從下方。 消化管當成魚時是大約長度兩倍於身體, 具有大部分的包含一個被盤繞的部分它的長度在輪膽管的進入後面。 體腔的襯裡是墨黑色。
Occurs in flowing pools and runs over sand and gravel in creeks and small to medium rivers; also in margins of lakes (Ref. 86798). Adults feed mainly on diatoms, also on filamentous algae; young feed on surface insects (Ref. 1998).
在小溪及小型到中型河川中棲息於在沙與碎石上的流動潭水與支流; 也在湖的邊緣中。 成魚主要捕食矽藻, 也吃絲狀的藻類; 幼魚捕食水面的昆蟲。 (參考文獻 1998)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
北美洲: 在加拿大的英屬哥倫比亞，華盛頓，愛達荷，奧勒岡州與美國內華達州的菲沙河與哥倫比亞河流域; 在美國的奧勒岡州的 Harney 河流域。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 2011. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 12 October 2011
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00439 - 0.02869), b=3.04 (2.82 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3-4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
