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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Moronidae (Temperate basses)
Etymology: saxatilis: saxatilis --- living among rocks (Ref. 1998).
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; acqua dolce; salmastro demersale; anadromo (Ref. 51243); distribuzione batimetrica 30 - ? m (Ref. 2850). Temperate; 8°C - 25°C (Ref. 47172); 49°N - 27°N, 94°W - 59°W (Ref. 86798)
Western Atlantic: St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada to Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana; south in Florida, USA to St. Johns and Suwannee river drainages.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 86798); common length : 120 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 9988); peso massimo pubblicato: 57.0 kg (Ref. 2850); Età massima riportata: 30 anni (Ref. 1468)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 9 - 11; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 10 - 13; Spine anali: 3; Raggi anali molli: 7 - 13.
Inhabit coastal waters and are commonly found in bays but may enter rivers in the spring to spawn (Ref. 2850). Some populations are landlocked (Ref. 7251). Voracious and opportunistic feeder (Ref. 5951). Larvae feed on zooplankton; juveniles take in small shrimps and other crustaceans, annelid worms, and insects (Ref. 1998, 10294); adults feed on a wide variety of fishes (alewives, herring, smelt, eels, flounders, mummichogs, rock gunnels, sand lance, silver hake and silversides (Ref. 5951)) and invertebrates (squid, crabs, sea worms and amphipods (Ref. 5951)), mainly crustaceans (Ref. 1998). Feeding ceases shortly before spawning (Ref. 1998). Utilized fresh and eaten broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
Move into fresh or brackish water to spawn (Ref. 39467). Females spawn more than once in a season, but they don't necessarily spawn every year (Ref. 1998).
Heemstra, P.C., 1995. Moronidae. Lubinas. p. 1289-1292. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9320)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesca: scarso interesse commerciale; Acquacoltura: commerciale; Pesce da pesca sportiva: si
Strumenti
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1 - 23.5, mean 9.3 °C (based on 22 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5781 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00745 - 0.01169), b=3.05 (2.98 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Basso, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 4.5 - 14 anni (K=0.12; tm=5-7; tmax=30; Fec=14,000).
Prior r = 0.31, 95% CL = 0.20 - 0.46, Based on 2 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14.4 [7.1, 30.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.291 [0.146, 0.542] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.5, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.583 [0.331, 1.065] g/100g; Selenium = 16.5 [7.6, 34.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.61 [2.38, 30.88] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.307 [0.217, 0.451] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
