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Mulliformes (Goatfishes) >
Mullidae (Goatfishes)
Etymology: Pseudupeneus: Greek, pseudes = false + Peneus, the name of a river.
More on author: Gill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; tiefenbereich 1 - 67 m (Ref. 121813). Subtropical; 33°N - 21°S, 118°W - 70°W
Eastern Pacific: Baja California, Mexico to Chile; one specimen was caught at the artificially warm outfall at the San Onofre (southern California, USA) nuclear power plant.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm 18.3 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 2850)
Adults inhabit sandy and muddy bottoms near the coast and in deep waters as well (Ref. 9322).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien:
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.7 - 28.9, mean 25.8 °C (based on 86 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00557 - 0.01241), b=3.18 (3.06 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.3 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 75.6 [38.9, 172.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.816 [0.387, 1.553] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.6, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.374 [0.222, 0.662] g/100g; Selenium = 21.3 [10.0, 45.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27 [7, 117] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.913 [0.517, 1.335] mg/100g (wet weight);
