Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecología
marino; salobre demersal; rango de profundidad 0 - 60 m (Ref. 3702), usually ? - 25 m (Ref. 9626). Subtropical; 11°N - 40°S
Western Atlantic: Venezuela to northern Argentina.
Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm 23.7, range 18 - 46 cm
Max length : 53.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 54990); common length : 35.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 3702); peso máximo publicado: 109.60 g (Ref. 118626)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 11; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 29; Espinas anales: 2; Radios blandos anales: 8 - 9.
Found over mud or sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters to about 60 m depth. Juveniles abundant in estuaries and tidal mud flats. Feeds on shrimps and fishes (Ref. 9626). Important food fish.
Chao, L.N., 1978. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3702)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.4 - 27.8, mean 20.7 °C (based on 238 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00708 (0.00656 - 0.00764), b=3.05 (3.03 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
Resiliencia (Ref.
120179): Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (K=0.44; tm=3; tmax=7).
Prior r = 0.72, 95% CL = 0.47 - 1.07, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 80 [44, 160] mg/100g; Iron = 1.06 [0.56, 1.87] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.8, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.375 [0.187, 0.777] g/100g; Selenium = 21.7 [11.4, 43.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.9 [7.2, 70.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.774 [0.547, 1.132] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.