分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
金梭魚科 (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 5 - 200 m (Ref. 12260), usually ? - 15 m (Ref. 90102). 熱帶; 37°N - 39°S, 31°E - 171°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Victoria, Australia. Migrated to eastern Mediterranean from the Red Sea via the Suez Canal (Ref. 5385). The exact range is uncertain because of confusion of this species with Sphyraena flavicauda (Ref. 9768).
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到美屬薩摩亞北至琉球群島, 南至羅得豪島。 迴游到地中海東部從紅海經由蘇伊士運河了。 (參考文獻 5385) 精確的範圍用 Sphyraena flavicauda 是這種的不確定由於混淆。 (參考文獻 9768)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 55.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9563); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9768)
背棘 (總數) : 6; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Body elongate and subcylindrical with small cycloid scales; head long and pointed. Mouth large and horizontal, the tip of the lower jaw protruding; intermaxilla non-protractile. Preoperculum rectangular, with wide naked skin flap. First dorsal fin origin slightly before the pectoral fin tip, the first spine equal to the second. Pelvic fins well before the tip of the pectoral, closer to the anal than the tip of the lower jaw. Color is generally green above and silvery below.
細長的身體與子圓筒形的有小圓形的鱗片; 頭部長而尖的。 嘴大而水平的, 下面頜的頂端伸出; 顎間不可以伸出的。 前鰓蓋骨矩形的, 有寬的裸露皮褶。 第一背鰭起源些微地在胸鰭頂端之前，第一個棘等於第二個。 腹鰭超過下面頜的頂端在胸又更靠近肛門者的頂端正前方。 色彩是通常綠色的上方與下面銀色的。
Inhabits bays and estuaries (Ref. 9768). Found in schools in seagrass beds and rocky reefs (Ref. 9563). Feeds mainly on fishes. Exhibits diurnal behavior. Also caught with set nets (Ref. 9768). Sold fresh, frozen or dried salted in markets. From 15-120m in Ref. 012260.
棲息於海灣與河口。 (參考文獻 9768) 成群出現在海草床與岩礁中.(參考文獻 9563) 主要吃魚。 顯示日行性行為。 也用定置網捕獲。 (參考文獻 9768) 生鮮販賣了, 在市場中的冷凍或乾燥鹽醃。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到美屬薩摩亞北至琉球群島, 南至羅得豪島。 迴游到地中海東部從紅海經由蘇伊士運河了。 (參考文獻 5385) 精確的範圍用 Sphyraena flavicauda 是這種的不確定由於混淆。 (參考文獻 9768)
Rose, J.H., 1984. Sphyraenidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 51). Vol. 4. FAO, Rome. pag. var. (Ref. 4752)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 14 August 2023
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.1 - 29.2, mean 28.4 °C (based on 4556 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00692 (0.00573 - 0.00835), b=2.91 (2.87 - 2.95), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.5-0.9).
Prior r = 1.03, 95% CL = 0.68 - 1.54, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (25 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (71 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24.8 [10.7, 66.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.364 [0.159, 0.756] mg/100g; Protein = 20.5 [18.5, 22.2] %; Omega3 = 0.119 [0.054, 0.253] g/100g; Selenium = 43.3 [16.8, 110.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 34.6 [8.1, 202.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.548 [0.344, 0.945] mg/100g (wet weight);
