Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range ? - 70 m (Ref. 126840). Tropical; 23°N - 35°S, 80°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Antilles; Southwest Atlantic: off Sergipe, Brazil.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.5 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 26340); max. published weight: 60.80 g (Ref. 118626)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Extremely long rostrum. Dark spots separated by pale lines that usually form a reticulum occurring in patches on the face and sides of the tail and in the pectoral axillae. Lateral line organs in the cheek series 3.
Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Claro, R., 1994. Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo. (Ref. 26340)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial
Tools
Special reports
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 28.1, mean 27.5 °C (based on 563 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02138 (0.01126 - 0.04058), b=2.89 (2.72 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (21 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 41.5 [20.1, 76.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.536 [0.298, 0.916] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.2, 21.9] %; Omega3 = 0.114 [0.044, 0.276] g/100g; Selenium = 39.7 [19.2, 85.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 76.4 [20.2, 300.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.12 [0.73, 1.65] mg/100g (wet weight);