Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina demersal; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 388 m (Ref. 58426). Temperate; ? - 10°C (Ref. 35432); 63°N - 37°N, 80°W - 43°W
Northwest Atlantic: Labrador, Canada to Delaware, USA.
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 28.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 7251); peso máx. publicado: 5.4 kg (Ref. 4926); idade máx. registrada: 18 anos (Ref. 796)
Benthic; feeds on worms, crustaceans, molluscs, sea squirts, sea urchins and fishes (Ref. 58426).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Eggs are laid in gelatinous masses guarded by one or both parents until hatching (Ref. 35432). However, more recent evidence suggests that care is provided by the female alone (Ref. 104883).
Anderson, M.E., 1994. Systematics and osteology of the Zoarcidae (Teleostei: Perciformes). Ichthyol. Bull. J.L.B. Smith Inst. Ichthyol. 60:120 p. (Ref. 11954)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquário: Espécies comerciais
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.4 - 9.5, mean 3 °C (based on 227 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00186 (0.00121 - 0.00287), b=3.20 (3.07 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 14.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.08-0.11; tmax=18).
Prior r = 0.09, 95% CL = 0.06 - 0.14, Based on 2 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21 [13, 34] mg/100g; Iron = 0.251 [0.157, 0.407] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [15, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.436 [0.268, 0.701] g/100g; Selenium = 21.5 [11.0, 41.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.16 [3.35, 25.13] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.458 [0.342, 0.634] mg/100g (wet weight);
