Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; diepte 1 - 130 m (Ref. 37816), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical; 32°N - 23°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea to the Marquesan and Mangaréva islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Zealand (Ref. 5755).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 9710)
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 7; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 13 - 14; Anale stekels: 2; Anale zachte stralen: 9. Body dark brown with yellow stripes; small juveniles with spots, specimens up to 5 cm SL with 3 stripes, specimens at least 8 cm SL with 6 stripes, the number of stripes increases and may break into a series of dashes in large adults (Ref. 4326).
Inhabits coastal waters over corals and rocky substrates (Ref. 5213, 48635). Usually hides beneath ledges and small caves during the day (Ref. 4326, 48635). Small juveniles have only two white stripes, dividing with growth into numerous lines. The lines break-up into dashes and spots when adult (Ref. 48635). Feeds on fishes (Ref. 4821). Has toxin-producing glands in the dermis (Ref. 4326) which is extremely bitter to the taste (Ref. 11441). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 30874.
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturiteit | Voortplanting | Paaien | Eieren | Fecunditeit | Larven
Randall, J.E., 1986. Grammistidae. p. 537-538. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4326)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Gevaar voor de mens
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 31637)
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Internetbronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 1014 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00443 - 0.02975), b=3.06 (2.84 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.4 [26.7, 86.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.546 [0.292, 0.901] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.7, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.116, 0.268] g/100g; Selenium = 35.6 [20.9, 61.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 114 [40, 361] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.8, 1.6] mg/100g (wet weight);
