分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Scaridae (Parrotfishes)
鸚哥魚科 (Parrotfishes) > Scarinae
Etymology: Scarus: Greek, skaros = a fish described by anciente writers as a parrot fish; 1601 (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Hermann Schlegel (1804–1884) was a German-born zoologist who spent much of his life in the Netherlands. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 50 m (Ref. 37816). 熱帶; 30°N - 28°S, 94°E - 124°W
Pacific Ocean: Cocos (Ref. 9399) and Christmas (Ref. 30874) islands in the eastern Indian Ocean; then from Moluccas to the Tuamoto and Austral islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Shark Bay and the southern Great Barrier Reef and Rapa.
太平洋: 在東印度洋中的可可島 (參考文獻 9399) 與聖誕節 (參考文獻 30874) 島; 然後從模里西斯到， Tuamoto 與奧斯垂群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至鯊魚灣與大堡礁的南方與拉帕島。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9137); 30.0 cm TL (female)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Scales large. 4 median predorsal scales; 2 scale rows on cheek. Caudal fin slightly rounded in initial phase, retained in terminal males with protruding lobes giving a double emarginate effect. Lips cover or nearly cover dental plates. Initial-phase fish without canines; terminal males usually with 1 upper canine and 2 on lower. The initial phase is characterized by a series of irregular dark chevrons which may be difficult to see on dark individuals (Ref. 1602). The basic color may range from a pale gray to a deep mahogany (Ref. 1602). Large initial phase fish develop the dark greenish markings around the lip found in the terminal phase (Ref. 1602).
鱗片大的。 4個中央的前背鱗片; 在頰上的 2 鱗片列。 尾鰭略圓的在被保留在中的最初的階段中末期雄魚有提供邊緣有雙凹痕的效果的凸出的葉。 唇覆蓋或者幾乎覆蓋牙齒的碟。 沒有犬齒的起始階段的魚; 末期的雄魚通常有 1個上面的犬齒與 2 低的之上。 最初的階段特徵為一系列的不規則的深色鋸齒形那可能是困難的在深色的個體身上見.(參考文獻 1602) 基本的顏色可能範圍從一灰白色對深赤褐色.(參考文獻 1602) 大的最初階段魚發育唇的周圍深色的呈綠色的斑紋發現於最後階段了.(參考文獻 1602)
Inhabits lagoon and seaward reefs from 1 to over 50 m depth. Adults are common in areas with rich coral and high vertical relief (Ref. 9710, 48636). A solitary species (Ref. 90102). Juveniles may school with other species. Form feeding aggregations on rubble and mixed rubble-coral slopes rather than on flats. Females often in schools of mixed species when feeding, males usually seen separate (Ref. 48636). Feeds on benthic algae (Ref. 89972). Males exhibit territorial tendencies.
棲息於潟湖與臨海礁石從 1 到超過 50 公尺深。 成魚是常見於區域具有珊瑚豐富的與高垂直起伏的地區.(參考文獻 9710,48636) 稚魚可能與其他的種一起群游。 在碎石與混合著碎石與珊瑚的斜坡上形成覓食群集而不是平坦的之上。 雌性時常在混合的種魚群中當進食, 雄性通常個別地被見到.(參考文獻 48636) 雄性展現具有領域性趨向。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).太平洋: 在東印度洋中的可可島 (參考文獻 9399) 與聖誕節 (參考文獻 30874) 島; 然後從模里西斯到， Tuamoto 與奧斯垂群島, 北至琉球群島, 南至鯊魚灣與大堡礁的南方與拉帕島。
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 February 2009
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 28.8, mean 27.6 °C (based on 432 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.01093 - 0.02521), b=3.03 (2.91 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.22).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 36.2 [23.6, 62.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.715 [0.503, 1.097] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.5, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0925 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 20.5 [12.5, 32.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.7 [16.6, 172.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.23 [1.68, 2.88] mg/100g (wet weight);
