Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina djupbottenlevande; djupintervall 100 - 600 m (Ref. 5377), usually 100 - 460 m (Ref. 27000). Deep-water; 43°N - 8°S, 32°W - 16°E
Eastern Atlantic: Portugal, Madeira, the Azores and Mediterranean (Sicily and from the Spanish coast) (Ref. 4570) south to 8°30'S, including Canary Islands and Cape Verde. Reported from São Tomé Island (Ref. 34088).
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 52.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 4510); common length : 31.5 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 27000)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11 - 12; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 9 - 11.
Occurs on hard bottoms (Ref. 4510). Feeds on fishes and shrimps (Ref. 5377). Females appear to remain smaller, up to 38.4 cm TL in the Canary Islands (Ref. 55964). Males are heavier and larger (Ref. 55965).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Eschmeyer, W.N. and L.J. Dempster, 1990. Scorpaenidae. p. 665-679. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4510)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiell
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.8 - 16.1, mean 13.9 °C (based on 123 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.01019 - 0.01485), b=3.02 (2.97 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.70 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Låg, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 4,5-14 år (tm=6-8; K=0.07-0.13; tmax=18).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 22.3 [11.5, 51.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.399 [0.195, 0.819] mg/100g; Protein = 17.1 [15.3, 19.0] %; Omega3 = 0.544 [0.231, 1.560] g/100g; Selenium = 18.1 [7.6, 45.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.4 [3.2, 68.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.41 [0.28, 0.63] mg/100g (wet weight);
