Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 5 - 65 m (Ref. 90102), usually 20 - 65 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 35°N - 25°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and Kenya east to Hawaiian Islands, Fanning Islands and Samoa; northward to Japan south to Australia. Apparently not found off New Zealand (Ref. 8991).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 8991); common length : 35.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 9645)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 3 - 4; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 43 - 47; Duri dubur: 1; Sirip dubur lunak: 37 - 40.
Found on outer reef slopes, hovering above the bottom. They swim often high above the substrate to pick prey from the substrate with their excellent eyesight (Ref. 48635). Tends to swim away from its pursuer rather than enter its burrow (Ref. 1602). Solitary or in pairs (Ref. 9710), adults form monogamous pairs (Ref. 37816). Maximum depth from Ref. 027115.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Kematangan | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Pemijahan | telur-telur | Fecundity | Larva
Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and genetic (Ref. 52884).
Dooley, J.K., 1978. Systematics and biology of the tilefishes (Perciformes: Branchiostegidae and Malacanthidae) with descriptions of two new species. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS Circ. No. 411:1-78. (Ref. 8991)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
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